Abut. Having property lines, street lines, or zoning district lines, or creeks in common. It does not include properties that share highways in common.

Accessory Dwelling Unit. An attached or a detached residential dwelling unit that provides complete independent living facilities for one or more persons and is located on a lot with a proposed or existing primary residence. It shall include permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, and sanitation on the same parcel as the single-family or multifamily dwelling is or will be situated.

Accessory Retail or Services. The retail sale of various products, or the provision of certain personal services within a health care, hotel, office, or industrial complex, to employees or customers; also includes retail that is incidental to a primary use conducted on the same premises where no more than 20 percent of the gross floor area is devoted to retail sales. Examples of these uses include pharmacies within hospitals and medical clinics; a prescription opticians' shop within an ophthalmologist office; a gift shop and food service establishment within a hospital; gift and convenience stores and food service establishments within hotel, office and industrial complexes; barber and beauty shops within residential care facilities; and a manufacturing/ processing or artisan/craft product manufacturing use with an incidental retail sales area.

Accessory Structure. A structure that is physically detached from, secondary and incidental to, and commonly associated with a primary structure on the same site. See also "Agricultural Accessory Structure," "Primary Structure," and "Residential Accessory Uses and Structures,"

Accessory Use. A use customarily incidental to, related and clearly subordinate to a primary use on the same parcel, which does not alter the primary use nor serve property other than the parcel where the primary use is located. See also "Primary Use."

Active Ground Floor. Street-level public realm and building design elements, structures, or features that support an active sidewalk experience by ensuring comfortable use 24 hours a day; complementing human scale and increasing complexity of the sidewalk space; providing continuous variety, connectivity, and accessibility; and helping to achieve City-wide sustainability and resiliency goals.

Activity Generating Use. A land use that is intended to attract a high volume of pedestrian traffic. An activity generating use provides high customer turnover and social interaction, such as retailing, entertainment and dining establishments, personal services, theaters and galleries, and may include a lobby for upper floor multi-family residential units.

Adult Business (Land Use). A business based upon materials or performances that depict, describe, or relate to "specified sexual activities" or "specified anatomical areas," as defined in the City Code.

Affordable Rent. Monthly housing expenses, including a reasonable allowance for utilities, for rental units reserved for very low or low income households, not exceeding the following calculations:

Affordable Sales Price. A sales price at which very low and low income households can qualify for the purchase of designated dwelling units, calculated on the basis of underwriting standards of mortgage financing available for the development.

Agent. A person authorized in writing by the property owner to represent and act for a property owner in contacts with City employees, committees, Commissions, and the Council, regarding matters regulated by this Zoning Code.

Agricultural Accessory Structure. A structure for sheltering or confining animals, or agricultural equipment, hay, feed, etc. Examples of these structures include barns, non-commercial greenhouses, coops, corrals, and pens. Does not include fencing.

Agricultural Employee Housing. Residential housing whose occupancy is restricted to persons who are employed in, raising or harvesting any agricultural commodities. All occupants of the housing unit(s) must be agricultural employees. The housing shall be provided by someone other than an agricultural employer, as defined in Section 1140.4 of the Labor Code. Agricultural employee housing is not a business run for profit; it does not differ in any way from a traditional dwelling.

Agricultural Product Processing. The processing of harvested crops to prepare them for on-site marketing or processing and packaging elsewhere. Examples of this land use include the following:

Alcoholic Beverage Sales. The retail sale of alcoholic beverages for on-site or off-site consumption, including liquor stores, convenience food stores, markets, taverns, bars, restaurants with bars, and beverage tasting facilities that sell alcoholic beverages for off-site consumption. This does not include restaurants, which serve alcoholic beverages as part of a meal, or the sale of alcoholic beverages for off-site consumption as part of a gift basket where the sale of alcohol within a gift basket is clearly incidental to the primary retail gift store use.

Alley. A public or private roadway that provides vehicle access to the rear or side of parcels having other public street frontage, that is not intended for general traffic circulation.

Allowed Use. A use of land identified by Division 2 (Zoning Districts and Allowable Land Uses) as a permitted or conditional use that may be established with land use permit and, where applicable, Design Review and/or Building Permit approval, subject to compliance with all applicable provisions of this Zoning Code.

Alteration. Any construction or physical change in the internal arrangement of rooms or the supporting members of a structure, or a change in the external appearance of any structure, not including painting.

Ambulance, Taxi, or Limousine Dispatch Facility. A base facility from which taxis and limousines are dispatched, and/or where ambulance vehicles and crews stand by for emergency calls.

Ancillary. A use that is related but subordinate to the primary or dominant use on the site.

Animal, Domestic. Any animal customarily kept by humans for companionship, including dogs, cats, birds, rabbits, hamsters, mice, turtles and the like. Includes female chickens (hens).

Animal, Exotic. Any species of animal not considered domestic or livestock, including nonpoisonous snakes and lizards, and pot-bellied pigs.

Animal Keeping. See Section 20-42.040 (Animal Keeping).

Animal, Livestock. Any animal customarily kept by humans for the purpose of providing food, clothing or work, including equine, bovine, ovine, caprine, porcine and fowl, but excluding bees.

Apartment. See "Multifamily Dwelling."

Appeal. In the context of City review of a planning permit application, "appeal" means that the review authority may consider and decide upon appeals to the decision of an earlier decision-making body, in compliance with Chapter 20-62 (Appeals).

Applicant. A person who files an application with the City requesting an action in compliance with this Zoning Code who is:

Approval. Includes both approval and approval with conditions.

Arborist. (1) A person currently certified by the Western Article of the International Society of Arboriculture as an expert on the care of trees; (2) a consulting arborist who satisfies the requirements of the American Society of Consulting Arborists; or (3) other qualified professionals who the Director determines have gained through experience the qualifications to identify, remove, or replace trees.

Architectural Feature. An exterior building feature including roof, windows, doors, porches, etc.

Artisan/Craft Product Manufacturing. Establishments manufacturing and/or assembling small products primarily by hand, including jewelry, pottery and other ceramics, as well as small glass and metal art and craft products.

Artisan Shop. A retail store selling art glass, ceramics, clothing, jewelry, paintings, sculpture, and other handcrafted items, where the facility includes an area for the crafting of the items being sold.

Assessed Value. The value of a structure as shown in the records of the County Assessor.

Attached. In the case of two structures, joined or connected at any point.

Attic. The area located between the uppermost plate and the roof or ridge of a structure.

Auto and Vehicle Sales/Rental. A retail or wholesale establishment selling and/or renting automobiles, trucks and vans, trailers, motorcycles, and bicycles (bicycle sales are also included under "General Retail"). May also include repair shops and the sales of parts and accessories, incidental to vehicle dealerships. Does not include: the sale of auto parts/accessories separate from a vehicle dealership (see "Auto Parts Sales"); mobile home, recreational vehicle, or watercraft sales (see "Mobile Home, RV and Boat Sales"); tire recapping establishments (see "Vehicle Services"); businesses dealing exclusively in used parts, (see "Recycling—Scrap and Dismantling Yards"); or "Gas Stations," which are separately defined.

Auto Parts Sales. Stores that sell new automobile parts and accessories. Establishments that provide installation services are instead included under "Vehicle Services—Minor Maintenance/Repair." Does not include tire recapping establishments, which are found under "Vehicle Services" or businesses dealing exclusively in used parts, which are included under "Recycling—Scrap and Dismantling Yards."

Auto Repair. See "Vehicle Services."

Automated Teller Machine (ATM). Computerized, self-service machines used by banking customers for financial transactions, including deposits, withdrawals and fund transfers, without face-to-face contact with financial institution personnel. The machines may be located at or within banks, or in other locations.

Average Slope. See "Slope, Average."

Bank, Financial Services. Financial institutions including:

Bar/Tavern. A business where alcoholic beverages are sold for on-site consumption, which are not part of a larger restaurant. Includes bars, taverns, pubs, and similar establishments where any food service is subordinate to the sale of alcoholic beverages. May also include beer brewing as part of a microbrewery or brew-pub, and other beverage tasting facilities, such as wine or beer tasting rooms. Does not include adult oriented businesses.

Bed and Breakfast Inn (B&B). A dwelling with one or more bedrooms rented for overnight lodging, where meals may be provided subject to applicable Environmental Health Department regulations. Does not include room rental, which is separately defined (see "Rooming or Boarding House").

Brewery—Brew Pub. An establishment that produces ales, beers, meads, hard ciders, and/or similar beverages to serve on-site. Sale of beverages for off-site consumption is also permitted in keeping with the regulations of the Alcohol Beverage Control (ABC) and Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF). Service of brewed beverages must be in conjunction with the service of food. Brew pubs may not produce more than 15,000 barrels of beverage (all beverage types combined) annually. May include the distribution of beverages for consumption at other sites.

Brewery—Production. An establishment which produces ales, beers, meads, hard ciders, and/or similar beverages on-site. Production Breweries are classified as a use which manufactures more than 15,000 barrels of beverage (all beverage types combined) annually. Breweries may also serve beverages on-site, and sell beverages for off-site consumption in keeping with the regulations of the Alcohol Beverage Control (ABC) and Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF). In addition, uses which produce 15,000 barrels of beverage or less, but which do not meet one or more of the additional requirements to be considered a brew pub, are breweries.

Broadcasting Studio. Commercial and public communications use including radio and television broadcasting and receiving stations and studios, with facilities entirely within buildings. Does not include transmission and receiving apparatus, including antennas and towers, which are instead defined under "Telecommunications Facilities."

Building and Landscape Materials Sales. A retail establishment selling hardware, lumber and other large building materials, plant materials, and other landscaping materials. Includes paint, wallpaper, glass, fixtures. Includes all these stores selling to the general public, even if contractor sales account for a major proportion of total sales. Establishments primarily selling electrical, plumbing, heating, and air conditioning equipment and supplies are classified in "Warehouse, Wholesaling and Distribution." Hardware stores are listed in the definition of "General Retail," even if they sell some building materials.

Building Code. The uniform code providing standards for building construction adopted by the City, and as required by State law. For the purposes of this Zoning Code, "Building Code" includes the plumbing, mechanical, electrical, and other construction costs adopted by the City and/or required by State law.

Building Envelope. Where designated, the area of a lot or parcel of real property within which structures must be confined, except fencing and driveways.

Building Footprint. The area of the ground surface occupied by an existing or proposed structure, measured from exterior wall to exterior wall at the base of the structure.

Building Height. See Section 20-30.070 (Height Measurement and Exceptions).

Business Support Service. An establishment within a building that provides services to other businesses. Examples of these services include:

Cabinet Shop. See "Furniture/Fixtures Manufacturing, Cabinet Shops."

California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). State law (California Public Resources Code Sections 21000 et seq.) requiring public agencies to document and consider the environmental effects of a proposed action, prior to allowing the action to occur.

California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). The governmental agency which regulates the terms and conditions of public utilities in the State.

Cannabis. All parts of the plant Cannabis sativa Linnaeus, Cannabis indica, or Cannabis ruderalis, or any other strain or varietal of the genus Cannabis that may exist or hereafter be discovered or developed that has psychoactive or medicinal properties, whether growing or not, including the seeds thereof. "Cannabis" also means marijuana as defined by Section 11018 of the Health and Safety Code as enacted by Chapter 1407 of the Statutes of 1972, and amended by the California Control, Regulate and Tax Adult Use of Marijuana Initiative, and as defined by other applicable State law. "Cannabis" does not mean "industrial hemp" as defined by Section 11018.5 of the Health and Safety Code. Cannabis is classified as an agricultural product separately from other agricultural crops.

Cannabis or Cannabis Product. Cannabis or a cannabis product, respectfully, intended to be sold for use pursuant to the Compassionate Use Act of 1996 (Proposition 215), found at Section 11362.5 of the Health and Safety Code, by a medical cannabis patient in California who possesses a physician's recommendation; or pursuant to the Adult Use of Marijuana Act (Proposition 64), SB 94 and the Medicinal and Adult Use Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act (MAUCRSA).

Cannabis Business. An entity engaged in the cultivation, possession, manufacture, distribution, processing, storing, laboratory testing, packaging, labeling, transportation, delivery or sale of cannabis and cannabis products for commercial purposes.

Cannabis Cultivation. Any activity involving the planting, growing, harvesting, drying, curing, grading, or trimming of Medical or Adult Use Cannabis. Includes cannabis nurseries.

Cannabis Distribution. The procurement, sale, and transport of Medical or Adult Use Cannabis and Medical or Adult Use Cannabis Products between Cannabis Businesses.

Cannabis Manufacturing. The production, preparation, propagation, or compounding of medical or adult use cannabis or medical or adult use cannabis products either directly or indirectly or by extraction methods, or independently by mean of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis at a fixed location that packages or repackages medical or adult use cannabis or medical or adult use cannabis products or labels or relabels its container.

Cannabis Manufacturing—Level 1. The processing or manufacturing of medical or adult use cannabis products using nonvolatile solvents, or no solvents. The use of post-extraction ethanol "winterization" is allowed within Cannabis Manufacturing Level 1 only to the extent such use is permitted by the State in a Type 6 license.

Cannabis Manufacturing—Level 2. The processing or manufacturing of medical or adult use cannabis products using volatile solvents. For purposes of this section, "volatile solvents" shall include solvents described in paragraph (3) of subdivision (d) of Section 11362.3 of the Health and Safety Code, or as such section may be amended.

Cannabis Microbusiness. A medical or adult use cannabis cultivation business of less than 10,000 square feet in combination with cannabis distribution, cannabis manufacturing – level 1, and/or cannabis retail (dispensary) and delivery, combined within one State license.

Cannabis Operator or Operator. The person or entity that is engaged in the conduct of any commercial medical or adult use Cannabis Business.

Cannabis Retail. A facility where Medical or Adult Use Cannabis or Medical or Adult Use Cannabis Products are offered, either individually or in any combination, for retail sale, including an establishment that delivers Cannabis or Cannabis Products as part of a retail sale. Also known as a cannabis "dispensary."

Cannabis Testing Laboratory. A laboratory, facility, or entity in the State that offers or performs tests of medical or adult use cannabis or medical or adult use cannabis products and that is both of the following:

Caretaker Unit. A permanent residence that is secondary or accessory to the primary use of the property, and used for housing a caretaker employed on the site of any nonresidential use where needed for security purposes or to provide 24-hour care or monitoring of people, plants, animals, equipment, or other conditions on the site.

Carriage House. A secondary residential unit located over a detached garage.

Catering Service. A business that prepares and delivers food for consumption on the premises of a client. Does not include mobile food vendors. See also "Restaurant, Café, Coffee Shop."

Cemetery, Mausoleum, Columbarium. An interment establishment engaged in subdividing property into cemetery lots and offering burial plots or air space for sale. Includes animal cemeteries; cemetery, mausoleum, crematorium and columbarium operations, and full-service mortuaries and funeral parlors accessory to a cemetery or columbarium.

Change of Use. The replacement of an existing use on a lot or parcel, or any portion thereof, by a new use, or a change in the nature of an existing use; but does not include a change of ownership, tenancy, or management associated with a use for which the previous nature of the use will remain substantially unchanged.

Channelized Waterway. Any natural waterway that has been constructed into a vertical wall or trapezoidal sectioned concrete, rip-rap or earthen channel, or combinations thereof, and open at the top, for the purpose of providing flood control and/or improving bank stability.

Chicken. A domestic fowl kept for its eggs or meat, especially a young one.

Child Day Care. See "Day Care."

City. The City of Santa Rosa, State of California, referred to in this Zoning Code as the "City."

City Council. The Santa Rosa City Council, referred to in this Zoning Code as the "Council."

Club, Lodge, Private Meeting Hall. Permanent, headquarters-type and meeting facilities for organizations operating on a membership basis for the promotion of the interests of the members, including facilities for:

Comment or Comment Only. In the context of City review of a planning permit application, "Comment Only" means that the participating members of a designated review authority may provide comments regarding the subject proposal if they wish, but shall not take any formal action or make any final decisions.

Commercial Recreation Facility—Indoor. Establishments providing indoor amusement and entertainment services for a fee or admission charge, including:

Commercial Recreation Facility—Outdoor. A facility for various outdoor recreational activities, where a fee is charged for use. Examples include:

Commercial Zoning District. Any of the commercial zoning districts established by Section 20-20.020 (Zoning Map and Zoning Districts).

Community Care Facility. A facility, place, or building that is maintained and operated to provide non-medical residential care, which may include home finding and other services, for children and/or adults, including: the physically handicapped; mentally impaired, mentally disordered, or incompetent; developmentally disabled; court wards and dependents; neglected or emotionally disturbed children; the addicted; and the aged.

Community Center. A multi-purpose meeting and recreational facility typically consisting of one or more meeting or multi-purpose rooms, kitchen and/or outdoor barbecue facilities, that are available for use by various groups for such activities as meetings, parties, receptions, dances, etc.

Condominium. As defined by Civil Code Section 2015, a development where undivided interest in common in a portion of real property is coupled with a separate interest in space called a unit, the boundaries of which are described on a recorded final map or parcel map.

Conference/Convention Facility. One or more structures accommodating multiple assembly, meeting, and/or exhibit rooms, and related support facilities (e.g., kitchens, offices, etc.).

Construction Contractor. Office, and indoor and/or outdoor storage facilities operated by, or on behalf of a contractor licensed by the State of California for storage of large equipment, vehicles, and/or other materials commonly used in the individual contractor's type of business; storage of scrap materials used for repair and maintenance of contractor's own equipment; and buildings or structures for uses such as repair facilities.

Construction/Heavy Equipment Sales and Rental. Retail establishments selling or renting construction, farm, or other heavy equipment. Examples include cranes, earth moving equipment, tractors, combines, heavy trucks, etc.

Convenience Store. A type of general retail store which carries a range of merchandise oriented to convenience and/or travelers' shopping needs.

Coop. The house or cage of sufficient size that provides overnight shelter and security for hens.

Cottage Food Operation (CFO). An enterprise at a private home where specific low-risk food products that do not require refrigeration are made or repacked for sale to consumers.

County. The County of Sonoma, State of California.

Crop Production, Horticulture, Orchard, Vineyard. Commercial agricultural production field and orchard uses, including the production of the following, primarily in the soil on the site and not in containers, other than for initial propagation prior to planting in the soil on the site:

Day Care. Facilities that provide non-medical care and supervision of minor children for periods of less than 24 hours. These facilities include the following, all of which are required to be licensed by the California State Department of Social Services.

Decision. In the context of City review of a planning permit application, "decision" means that the review authority makes the final decision on the matter.

Delivery of Cannabis. The commercial transfer of Cannabis or Cannabis Products to a primary caregiver or qualified patient as defined in Section 11362.7 of the Health and Safety Code as Medical Cannabis; or as defined pursuant to the Adult Use of Marijuana Act (Proposition 64), SB 94 and the Medicinal and Adult Use Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act (MAUCRSA). "Delivery" also includes the use of any technology platform owned and controlled by a Cannabis Business Operator that enables qualified patients or primary caregivers or adult use customers to arrange for or facilitate the commercial transfer by a permitted Cannabis Retail facility.

Density. The number of housing units per acre, unless otherwise stated, for residential uses.

Density Bonus. As defined by State law (Government Code Section 65915 et seq.), an increase over the maximum density otherwise allowed by the applicable zoning district, that is granted to the owner/developer of a housing project who agrees to construct a prescribed percentage of dwelling units that are affordable to households of very low and/or low income. When determining the number of dwelling units that shall be affordable, the units authorized by the density bonus shall not be included in the calculation.

Design Guidelines. The City of Santa Rosa Design Guidelines, as adopted by the City Council.

Department. The City of Santa Rosa Community Development Department, referred to in this Zoning Code as the "Department."

Development. Any construction activity or alteration of the landscape, its terrain contour or vegetation, including the erection or alteration of structures. New development is any construction, or alteration of an existing structure or land use, or establishment of a land use, after the effective date of this Zoning Code.

Development Agreement. A contract between the City and an applicant for a development project, in compliance with the City Code, and Government Code Sections 65864 et seq. A development agreement is intended to provide assurance to the applicant that an approved project may proceed subject to the policies, rules, regulations, and conditions of approval applicable to the project at the time of approval, regardless of any changes to City policies, rules, and regulations after project approval. In return, the City may be assured that the applicant will provide infrastructure and/or pay fees required by a new project.

Diameter of a Tree. Trunk diameter measured at 4.5 feet above the ground.

Director. The City of Santa Rosa Director of Community Development, or designee of the Director.

Discretionary Permit, or Project. A City land use review and entitlement process where the review authority exercises discretion in deciding to approve or disapprove the permit. Includes Minor Conditional Use Permits, Conditional Use Permits, Minor Variances, Variances, Design Review approval, and Subdivision Maps.

Diseased Tree. A tree afflicted by, but not limited to, any of the following: insect infestation, heart rot, exfoliation, slime flux, crown rot, leaf scorch, root fungus, structural defects or weaknesses.

District. See "Zoning District."

Domestic Animal. See "Animal, Domestic."

Drip Line. A line that may be drawn on the ground around a tree directly under its outermost branch tips and which identifies that location where rainwater tends to drip from the trees. When depicted on a map, the drip line will appear as an irregular shaped circle that follows the contour of the tree's branches as seen from overhead.

Drive-Through Retail Sales or Services. A facility where food or other products may be purchased, or where services may be obtained by motorists without leaving their vehicles. Examples of drive-through sales facilities include fast-food restaurants, drive-through coffee, dairy product, photo stores, pharmacies, etc. Examples of drive-through service facilities include drive-through bank teller windows, dry cleaners, etc., but do not include automated teller machines (ATMs), gas stations or other vehicle services, which are separately defined.

Duplex. See "Multifamily Dwelling."

Dwelling, Dwelling Unit, or Housing Unit. A room or group of internally connected rooms that have sleeping, cooking, eating, and sanitation facilities, but not more than one kitchen, which constitute an independent housekeeping unit, occupied by or intended for one household on a long-term basis.

Easement. A grant of one or more of the property rights by the property owner to and/or for the use by the public, a corporation or another person or entity.

Edible Cannabis Product. A cannabis product that is intended to be used, in whole or in part, for human consumption, including, but not limited to, chewing gum, but excluding products set forth in Division 15 (commencing with Section 32501) of the Food and Agricultural Code. An edible cannabis product is not considered food, as defined by Section 109935 of the Health and Safety Code, or a drug, as defined by Section 109925 of the Health & Safety Code.

Efficiency Unit. A separate living space with a minimum floor area of 150 square feet intended for occupancy by no more than two persons, which contains partial kitchen and bathroom facilities. For the purposes of this Zoning Code, efficiency unit has the same meaning as Section 17958.1 of the Health and Safety Code.

Electric Vehicle Sales. A retail establishment selling electric vehicles, where the vehicles on site consist of display models and already purchased and shipped vehicles for pick up only. This use also includes associated major and minor vehicle maintenance/repair to service the make of electric vehicle being sold on site.

Electronic Smoking Device. An electronic and/or battery-operated device, the use of which may resemble smoking, which can be used to deliver an inhaled dose of nicotine or other substances. "Electronic smoking device" includes any such electronic smoking device, whether manufactured, distributed, marketed, or sold as an electronic cigarette, an electronic cigar, an electronic cigarillo, an electronic pipe, an electronic hookah, or any other product name or descriptor. "Electronic smoking device" does not include any product specifically approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for use in the mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease.

Emergency Shelter. Housing with minimal supportive services for homeless persons that is limited to occupancy of six months or less by a homeless person.

Environmental Impact Report (EIR). An informational document used to assess the physical characteristics of an area and to determine what effects will result if the area is altered by a proposed action, prepared in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Equestrian Facility. A commercial facility for horses, donkeys, and/or mules, examples of which include horse ranches, boarding stables, riding schools and academies, horse exhibition facilities (for shows or other competitive events), and barns, stables, corrals and paddocks accessory and incidental to these uses. Does not include the simple pasturing of horses, donkeys, and/or mules for personal use, which is instead included under "Animal Keeping" as regulated by Section 20-42.040.

Equipment Rental. A service establishment that may offer a wide variety of household and business equipment, furniture, and materials for rental. Does not include construction equipment rental, which is separately defined.

Exotic Animal. See "Animal, Exotic."

Extended Hours of Operation. Any business that is open to the public between the hours of 11:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. such as retail, recreation, or other service.

Family. An individual, or two or more persons, related by blood, marriage, or adoption; a group of unrelated persons which if numbering five or more persons, must be living together as a group in a dwelling unit, using common cooking facilities and as a group bear the generic characteristics of a family as a relatively permanent household.

Farm Supply and Feed Store. A retail business selling supplies for use in soil preparation and maintenance, the planting and harvesting of crops, the keeping and raising of farm animals, and other operations and processes pertaining to farming and ranching. Does not include the sale, rental, or repair of farm machinery and equipment, which is instead included in the definition of "Construction/Heavy Equipment Sales and Rental."

Feasible. Capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social and technological factors.

Floor Area. The entire area within the walls of a building, measured in a horizontal plane from the outside edge of exterior wall to exterior wall, in square feet; also known as "gross floor area."

Fowl. Includes hens and other edible or game birds used as food or hunted for sport, e.g., a goose or pheasant.

Frontage. The length of a lot line, building site or structure located along a street (or other public way), parking lot or body of water, which forms a boundary.

Fuel Dealer. A retail trade establishment that sells fuel oil, butane, propane and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), bottled or in bulk, to consumers.

Funeral Home. See "Mortuary, Funeral Home."

Furniture/Fixtures Manufacturing, Cabinet Shop. Manufacturers producing: wood and metal household furniture and appliances; bedsprings and mattresses; all types of office furniture and public building furniture and partitions, shelving, lockers and store furniture; and miscellaneous drapery hardware, window blinds and shades. Includes furniture re-upholstering businesses, wood and cabinet shops, but not sawmills or planing mills, which are instead included under "Manufacturing/Processing—Heavy."

Furniture, Furnishings, Appliance/Equipment Store. A store that primarily sells the following products and related services, that may also provide incidental repair services:

Garage, or Carport. Parking space and shelter for automobiles or other vehicles, where the size of the parking space complies with the provisions of Chapter 20-36 (Parking and Loading).

Gas Station. A retail business selling gasoline and/or other motor vehicle fuels derived from fossil fuels (e.g., petroleum, coal, natural gas), and related products.

General Plan. The City of Santa Rosa General Plan, including all its elements and all amendments thereto, as adopted by the City Council in compliance with Government Code Section 65300 et seq., and referred to in this Zoning Code as the "General Plan."

General Retail. Stores and shops selling many lines of merchandise. Examples of these stores and lines of merchandise include:

Golf Course, Country Club. Golf courses, and accessory facilities and uses including: clubhouses with bar and restaurant, locker and shower facilities; driving ranges; "pro shops" for on-site sales of golfing equipment; and golf cart storage and sales facilities.

Grade. The ground surface immediately adjacent to the exterior base of a structure, typically used as the basis for measurement of the height of the structure.

Greenhouse. A permanent enclosed structure for the propagation and growing of plants, constructed with a translucent roof and/or walls.

Green (Living) Wall. A façade or wall incorporating a vertical system for growing live plants that is attached to an existing wall or built as a freestanding structure. Live plants include a wide range of vegetative materials – ground covers, succulents, perennial flowers, edible plants, vines, climbing plants, etc.

Grocery Store. A retail or wholesale store that primarily sells food, including canned and frozen foods, fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh (raw) and prepared meats, fish, and poultry.

Large stores are defined as 20,000 square feet in size or greater. Also includes a grocery store use located within a larger format retail store where an area 20,000 square feet in size or greater is primarily devoted to the sale of food.

Small stores are defined as less than 20,000 square feet in size. Also includes a grocery store use located within a larger format retail store where an area less than 20,000 square feet in size is primarily devoted to the sale of food.

Gross Floor Area. See "Floor Area."

Guest House. A detached structure accessory to a single-family dwelling, accommodating living/sleeping quarters, but without kitchen or cooking facilities. A guest house does not constitute an independent housekeeping unit, occupied by or intended for one household, on a long term basis.

Habitable Space. Conditioned space within a dwelling unit or guest house for living, sleeping, eating, or cooking (including closets, bathrooms, entries, and hallways).

Health/Fitness Facility. (Does not include adult entertainment businesses.)

Height. See Section 20-30.070 (Height Measurement and Exceptions).

Hemp. A crop that is limited to types of the plant Cannabis sativa L. having no more than three-tenths of one percent tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) contained in the dried flowering tops, whether growing or not; the seeds of the plant; the resin extracted from any part of the plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds or resin product therefrom.

Hen. Female chicken; includes juveniles and adults.

Historic and Cultural Preservation. The following terms and phrases are defined for the purposes of Section 20-28.040 (Historic Combining District) and Chapter 20-58 (Historic and Cultural Preservation).

Home Occupation. The conduct of a business within a dwelling unit or residential site, employing only the occupants of the dwelling, with the business activity being subordinate to the residential use of the property.

Hotel or Motel. A facility with guest rooms or suites, with or without kitchen facilities, rented to the general public for transient lodging. Hotels typically include a variety of services in addition to lodging; for example, restaurants, meeting facilities, personal services, etc. Also includes accessory guest facilities such as swimming pools, tennis courts, indoor athletic facilities, accessory retail uses, etc.

Hours of Operation. Normal business hours are between 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m.; transitional business hours are between 6:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m.; and extended business hours are between 11:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., the following morning.

Household Pets. The keeping/raising of birds, cats, dogs, or other common household pets, as determined by the Director, accessory to a residential use.

Housing Development Project. (1) Residential units only; (2) Mixed-use developments consisting of residential and nonresidential uses with at least two-thirds of the square footage designated for residential use; or (3) Transitional housing or supportive housing.

Industrial Use. A use listed by the tables in Division 2 (Zoning Districts and Allowable Land Uses) under "Industry, Manufacturing, Processing & Wholesaling."

Industrial Zoning District. Any of the industrial zoning districts established by Section 20-20.020 (Zoning Map and Zoning Districts).

Initial Crop Processing. The cleaning, grading, packing, and similar processing of otherwise unprocessed agricultural produce yields in the field, or on the same site, at the time of harvest, incidental to the farming activity that is the primary use of the site.

Intensification of Use. A change in the use of a structure or site, where the new use is required by this Zoning Code to have more off-street parking spaces than the former use; or a change in the operating characteristics of a use (for example, hours of operation), which generates more activity on the site.

Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit. A unit that is no more than 500 square feet in size and contained entirely within a single-family residence. A junior accessory dwelling unit shall include an efficiency kitchen, and may include separate sanitation facilities, or may share sanitation facilities with the existing structure.

Kennel, Animal Boarding. A commercial facility for the grooming, keeping, boarding or maintaining of five or more dogs (four months of age or older), or five or more cats except for dogs or cats for sale in pet shops, or patients in animal hospitals. See also "Medical Service—Veterinary Clinic, Animal Hospital."

Kitchen. A room or space within a building used or intended to be used for the cooking or preparation of food, which includes any of the following: refrigerator, stove, oven, range top, dishwasher, kitchen sink.

Laboratory—Medical, Analytical. A facility for testing, analysis, and/or research. Examples of this use include medical labs, soils and materials testing labs, and forensic labs.

Land Use. The purpose for which land or a structure is designed, arranged, intended, occupied, or maintained.

Land Use Permit. Authority granted by the City to use a specified site for a particular purpose. "Land Use Permit" includes Minor Conditional Use Permits, Conditional Use Permits, Temporary Use Permits, Minor Variances, Variances, Design Review, and Zoning Clearances, as established by Division 5 (Land Use and Development Permit Procedures) of this Zoning Code.

Large Family Day Care Home. See "Day Care Facilities."

Laundry, Dry Cleaning Plant. A service establishment engaged primarily in high volume laundry and garment services, including: carpet and upholstery cleaners; diaper services; dry cleaning and garment pressing; commercial laundries; linen supply. These facilities may include accessory customer pick-up facilities. These facilities do not include coin-operated laundries or dry cleaning pick-up stores without dry cleaning equipment; see "Personal Services."

Library, Museum. A public or quasi-public facility, examples of which include: aquariums, arboretums, art galleries and exhibitions, botanical gardens, historic sites and exhibits, libraries, museums, planetariums, and zoos. May also include accessory retail uses such as a gift/book shop, restaurant, etc.

Livestock. See "Animal, Livestock."

Live/Work and Work/Live Units. An integrated housing unit and working space, occupied and utilized by a single household in a structure, either single-family or multi-family, that has been designed or structurally modified to accommodate joint residential occupancy and work activity, and which includes:

The difference between live/work and work/live units is that the "work" component of a live/work unit is secondary to its residential use, and may include only commercial activities and pursuits that are compatible with the character of a quiet residential environment, while the work component of a work/live unit is the primary use, to which the residential component is secondary.

Located Within One-Half Mile of a Major Transit Stop. For the purpose of transit priority projects, a project is considered to be within one-half mile of a Major Transit Stop or high-quality transit corridor if all parcels within the project have no more than 25 percent of their area further than one-half mile from the stop or corridor and if not more than 10 percent of the residential units or 100 units, whichever is less, in the project are farther than one-half mile from the stop or corridor. For Density Bonus projects, see Section 20-31.020 for definition.

Lot Area. Gross lot area is the total area included within the lot lines of a lot, exclusive of adjacent dedicated street rights of way. Net lot area is the gross area of the lot, exclusive of:

Lot, or Parcel. A recorded lot or parcel of real property under single ownership, lawfully created as required by applicable Subdivision Map Act and City ordinance requirements, including this Zoning Code. Types of lots include the following. See Figure 7-1 (Lot Types).

Lot Coverage. See "Site Coverage."

Lot Depth. The average linear distance between the front and the rear lot lines or the intersection of the two side lot lines if there is no rear line. See Figure 7-2 (Lot Features). The Director shall determine lot depth for parcels of irregular configuration.

Lot Frontage. The boundary of a lot adjacent to a public street right-of-way.

Lot Line or Property Line. Any recorded boundary of a lot. Types of lot lines are as follows (see Figure 7-2 (Lot Features)):

Lot Width. The horizontal distance between the side lot lines, measured at right angles to the lot depth at a point midway between the front and rear lot lines. See Figure 7-3 (Lot Features). The Director shall determine lot width for parcels of irregular shape.

Lower Income Households. Lower income households mean persons and families whose income does not exceed the qualifying limits for lower income families as established and amended from time to time pursuant to Section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937. Lower income households include very low-income households (50 percent of area median income) and extremely low-income households (30 percent of area median income).

Maintenance Service, Client Site Services. Base facilities for various businesses that provide services on the premises of their clients. Includes gardening, janitorial, pest control, water and smoke damage recovery, and similar services; and appliance, computer, electronics, elevator, equipment, HVAC, instrument, plumbing, and other maintenance and repair services not operating from a retail establishment that sells the products being maintained or repaired. When these services operate from a retail establishment that sells the products being maintained or repaired, they are instead considered part of the retail use.

Major Transit Stop. Major Transit Stop is a site containing either of the following: (1) an existing rail or bus rapid transit station; or (2) the intersection of two or more major bus routes with a frequency of service interval of 15 minutes or less during the morning and afternoon peak commute periods.

Manufactured Home. A transportable structure which in the traveling mode is eight feet or more in width and 40 feet or more in length and is a minimum of 320 square feet and which is built on a permanent chassis and is designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation. For the purposes of this Zoning Code, manufactured home has the same meaning as Section 18007 of the Health and Safety Code.

Manufacturing/Processing—Heavy. A facility accommodating manufacturing processes that involve and/or produce basic metals, building materials, chemicals, fabricated metals, paper products, machinery, textiles, and/or transportation equipment, where the intensity and/or scale of operations may cause significant impacts on surrounding land uses or the community. Heavy manufacturing uses are not allowed within the City of Santa Rosa except where limited varieties are included under the definition of "Manufacturing—Intensive." Examples of heavy manufacturing uses include the following.

Manufacturing/Processing—Light. A facility accommodating manufacturing processes involving and/or producing: apparel; food and beverage products; electronic, optical, and instrumentation products; ice; jewelry; and musical instruments. Light manufacturing also includes other establishments engaged in the assembly, fabrication, and conversion of already processed raw materials into products, where the operational characteristics of the manufacturing processes and the materials used are unlikely to cause significant impacts on surrounding land uses or the community. Examples of light manufacturing uses include the following.

Manufacturing/Processing—Medium Intensity. A facility accommodating manufacturing processes that involve and/or produce building materials, fabricated metal products, machinery, and/or transportation equipment, where the intensity and/or scale of operations is greater than those classified under "Manufacturing/Processing— Light," but where impacts on surrounding land uses or the community can typically be mitigated to acceptable levels. Examples of medium intensity manufacturing uses include the following.

Map Act. See "Subdivision Map Act."

Marijuana. See "Cannabis."

Media Production. Facilities for motion picture, television, video, sound, computer, and other communications media production. These facilities include the following types.

Medical Service—Clinic, Urgent Care. A facility other than a hospital, where medical, mental health, surgical and other personal health services are provided exclusively on an outpatient basis by a group of physicians working in cooperation and sharing the same facilities. Typically operates beyond standard medical office hours and may provide emergency treatment. May include educational aspects such as medical instruction and/or training as well as house a lab, radiology, pharmacy, rehabilitation, and other similar services as accessory uses. Does not include hospitals. Counseling services by other than medical doctors or psychiatrists are included under "Offices—Professional."

Medical Service—Doctor Office. A facility other than a hospital where medical, dental, mental health, surgical, and/or other personal health care services are provided on an outpatient basis, by primary practitioners and/or medical specialists by appointment (for example, chiropractors, dentists, medical doctors, optometrists, prescription opticians, psychiatrists, etc.). May include a lab, radiology, pharmacy, rehabilitation, and other similar services as accessory uses. Counseling services by other than medical doctors or psychiatrists are included under "Offices—Professional."

Medical Service—Health Care Facility. A facility, place, or building other than a hospital, which is maintained and operated as a residence for patients and to provide long-term medical care. Includes nursing homes, intermediate care facilities, extended care facilities, hospice homes and similar facilities which are licensed by the California State Department of Health Services, and defined in Health and Safety Code Section 1200 et seq. May include a lab, radiology, pharmacy, rehabilitation, and other similar services as accessory uses.

Medical Service—Hospital. Hospitals and similar facilities engaged primarily in providing diagnostic services, and extensive medical treatment, including surgical and other hospital services. These establishments have an organized medical staff, inpatient beds, and equipment and facilities to provide complete health care. May include on-site accessory clinics and laboratories, accessory retail uses and emergency heliports (see the separate definition of "Accessory Retail Uses").

Medical Service—Integrated Medical Health Center. A medical wellness center which may be directly affiliated with a hospital or medical complex, membership based, and open to the public as well as referred patients. In addition to exam rooms and physician offices, the facility provides courses and equipment for physical rehabilitation, fitness, and wellness. Examples include, but are not limited to, cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation, cardio and strength training, aquatics, integrative classes and training for all wellness therapy, stress management, esthetician, nutritional counseling, and physical, occupational and speech therapy. These facilities are staffed in part by medical professionals including physicians.

Medical Service—Lab. A facility intended for the examination of clinical specimens for the purpose of providing information such as diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, or treatment of disease to improve the health of a patient.

Examples of these uses include:

Medical Service—Veterinary Clinic, Animal Hospital. Office and indoor medical treatment facilities used by veterinarians, including large and small animal veterinary clinics, and animal hospitals. May include a lab, radiology, pharmacy, rehabilitation, temporary boarding of sick animals, and other similar services as accessory uses. See also "Kennel."

Meeting Facility, Public or Private. A facility for public or private meetings, not including sports or other commercial entertainment facilities (see "Theater," and "Sports and Entertainment Assembly"), or convention centers (see "Conference/Convention Facility"). Includes clubs, lodges, and private meeting halls, community centers, religious facilities (e.g., churches, mosques, synagogues, etc.), civic and private auditoriums, grange halls, union halls, etc. Related on-site facilities such as day care centers and schools are separately defined, and separately regulated by Division 2 (Zoning Districts and Allowable Land Uses).

Ministerial Permit, or Project. A City land use review and entitlement process where the review authority approves or denies a proposal based solely on its compliance with applicable laws, City ordinances, and regulations, where no discretion is exercised. Includes the issuance of Building Permits, Zoning Clearances, Accessory Dwelling Unit Permits, etc.

Mixed-Use Project. A project that combines both commercial and residential uses, where the residential component is typically located above the commercial. This Zoning Code distinguishes between the following two types of mixed-use projects. An "office or institutional" mixed use project combines a residential component with one or more office or institutional uses, and does not include retail use. Other mixed use projects may include residential units in combination with any other non-residential land use allowed by the applicable zoning district, subject to the standards for mixed use projects in Section 20-42.090.

Mobile Food Vendor. Mobile food vendor shall mean any person who owns, controls, manages or is otherwise engaged in the business of selling prepared, pre-packaged or unprepared, unpackaged food or foodstuffs of any kind, from a mobile vending facility on private property.

Mobile Food Vending Facility. A mobile food vending facility shall mean any vehicle, trailer, pushcart, motorized food wagon, stand, tent or structure not affixed to a permanent foundation, with or without wheels, which may be moved from one place to another under its own power or by other means.

Mobile Home. A trailer, transportable in one or more sections, that is certified under the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, which is over eight feet in width and 40 feet in length, with or without a permanent foundation and not including recreational vehicle, commercial coach or factory-built housing. A mobile home on a permanent foundation is included under the definition of "Single-Family Dwellings."

Mobile Home Park. Any site that is planned and improved to accommodate two or more mobile homes used for residential purposes, or on which two or more mobile home lots are rented, leased, or held out for rent or lease, or were formerly held out for rent or lease and later converted to a subdivision, cooperative, condominium, or other form of resident ownership, to accommodate mobile homes used for residential purposes. May include a common storage area for recreational vehicles owned by residents only.

Mobile Home, Rv, and Boat Sales. Retail establishments selling both mobile home dwelling units, and/or various vehicles and watercraft for recreational uses. Includes the sales of boats, campers and camper shells, jet skis, mobile homes, motor homes, and travel trailers.

Modified Natural Waterway. Any natural waterway that has been modified to accommodate peak flood flows while retaining significant riparian vegetation, fish, wildlife habitat, and/or scenic values.

Mortuary, Funeral Home. Funeral homes and parlors, where deceased are prepared for burial or cremation, funeral services may be conducted, and cremation may occur.

Multifamily Dwelling. A dwelling unit that is part of a structure containing one or more other dwelling units. Multi-family dwellings include: duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes (buildings with two, three or four dwelling units, respectively, in the same structure); apartments (five or more units in a single building). Also includes townhouse and rowhouse development (two or more attached or zero lot line two-story dwellings where no unit is located over another unit); and two or more directly abutting zero-lot line single-story dwellings.

Natural Waterway. Any natural stream of water flowing in a definite course or channel and possessing a bed and banks. It is not necessary that the flow of water be continuous throughout the year. Natural waterways do not include artificially created channels for storm waters, such as street gutters and drain and drainage facilities installed in connection with the development of property.

Negative Declaration. A statement describing the reasoning that a proposed action will not have a significant adverse effect on the environment, in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Neighborhood. An area commonly identified as such in planning documents and among individuals who reside and work within close proximity.

Neighborhood Center. A small scale retail and/or service use, which may include a small grocery store or convenience store that is oriented to the daily shopping and services needs of nearby residents. A neighborhood center does not detract from the surrounding residential character of the neighborhood due to intensity, over concentration or design.

Night Club. A bar/tavern serving alcoholic beverages for on-site consumption, and providing entertainment, examples of which include live music and/or dancing, comedy, etc.

Nonconforming Parcel. A parcel that was legally created prior to the adoption of this Zoning Code or amendment, but does not comply with the current area, width, depth, or other applicable requirements of this Zoning Code.

Nonconforming Sign. A sign that lawfully existed prior to the effective date of this Zoning Code or amendment, but does not comply with the current sign regulations of this Zoning Code.

Nonconforming Structure. A structure that was legally constructed prior to the adoption or amendment of this Zoning Code, but does not comply with the current setback, height limit, and/or other applicable requirements of this Zoning Code.

Nonconforming Use. A use of land and/or a structure (either conforming or nonconforming) that was legally established and maintained prior to the adoption of this Zoning Code or amendment, but does not conform to the current Zoning Code requirements for allowable land uses within the applicable zoning district.

Occupancy. All or a portion of a structure occupied by one tenant.

Off-Site. An activity or accessory use that is related to a specific primary use, but is not located on the same site as the primary use.

Office. This Zoning Code distinguishes between the following types of offices. These do not include medical offices (see "Medical Service—Clinic, Doctor Office" and "Medical Service—Doctor Office").

Office-Supporting Retail. A retail store less than 10,000 square feet in floor area that carries one or more types of merchandise that will typically be of frequent interest to and/or needed by the various businesses listed under the definition of "Office," and/or the employees of those businesses. Examples of these types of merchandise include:

On-Site. An activity or accessory use that is related to a specific primary use, and which is located on the same site as the primary use.

100-Year Water Surface. The water surface level resulting from a storm that is estimated to occur on an average of once in 100 years (one percent probability of occurrence each year).

Ordinary Maintenance and Repair. Work for which a Building Permit is not required, the purpose and effect of which is to correct deterioration of or damage to a structure or any part thereof and to restore the structure to its condition before the deterioration or damage.

Organizational House. A residential lodging facility operated by a membership organization for its members and not open to the general public. Includes fraternity and sorority houses, student dormitories, convents, monasteries, and religious residential retreats.

Outdoor Display and Sales. The permanent outdoor display of merchandise incidental to an adjacent indoor retail use, and certain independent outdoor retail sales facilities. Includes news and flower stands, and outdoor dining areas. Does not include the sale of automobiles and recreational vehicles ("Auto and Vehicle Sales/Rental"), mobile homes ("Mobile Home, RV and Boat Sales"), or building or landscape materials ("Building and Landscape Materials Sales"). Outdoor display and sales shall comply with the standards for "Outdoor Displays and Sales" in Section 20-42.110.

Outdoor Storage. See "Storage—Outdoor."

Parcel. See "Lot, or Parcel."

Parking Cash-Out/Transit Incentive Programs. Cash-out parking programs allow employees to be paid cash by their employers for not parking a vehicle in the parking area associated with their business, rather than the employer subsidizing employee parking by providing on-site spaces or paying for monthly permits. Transit incentive programs work similarly, with employees being provided free transit passes instead of subsidized parking.

Parking Facility, Public or Commercial. Parking lots or structures operated by the City, or a private entity providing parking for a fee. Does not include towing impound and storage facilities, which are instead defined under "Storage—Outdoor."

Paved, Pavement. For the purposes of vehicle parking and access, paving materials include concrete, asphalt, paver units and stones, and turf block.

Pedestrian Orientation. Any physical structure or place with design qualities and elements that contribute to an active, inviting and pleasant place for pedestrians including:

Pedestrian Oriented Use. A land use that is intended to encourage walk-in customers and that generally does not limit the number of customers by requiring appointments or otherwise excluding the general public. A pedestrian oriented use provides spontaneous draw from sidewalk and street due to visual interest, high customer turnover, and social interaction.

Pen. Enclosed area of sufficient size where hens may be secured. Typically includes a covered area.

Person. Any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, company, association, joint stock association; city, county, state, or district; and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, or other similar representative thereof.

Personal Services. Establishments providing non-medical services to individuals as a primary use. Examples of these uses include:

Personal Services—Restricted. Personal services that may tend to have a potentially offensive effect upon surrounding areas and which may need to be dispersed to minimize their adverse impacts. Examples of these uses include:

Petroleum Product Storage and Distribution. A facility for the bulk storage and wholesale distribution of gasoline, diesel fuel, and/or other fuels and petroleum products.

Pharmacy. A retail store that primarily sells prescription drugs, that may also sell non-prescription drugs and medical supplies, other health car products, and a limited variety of convenience items. Where specifically identified as an allowable use by Division 2, a pharmacy is distinguished from "drug store, pharmacy" as included under the definition of "General Retail" by its emphasis on prescription drug sales as the primary business activity. See also "Accessory Retail and Services."

Planning Commission. The City of Santa Rosa Planning Commission, appointed by the Santa Rosa City Council in compliance with Government Code Section 65101, referred to throughout this Zoning Code as the "Commission."

Plant Nursery. A commercial agricultural establishment engaged in the production of ornamental plants and other nursery products, grown under cover either in containers or in the soil on the site, or outdoors in containers. The outdoor production of ornamental plants in the soil on the site is instead included under "Crop Production, Horticulture, Orchard, Vineyard." Also includes establishments engaged in the sale of these products (e.g., wholesale and retail nurseries) and commercial-scale greenhouses (home greenhouses are included under "Residential Accessory Use or Structure"). The sale of house plants or other nursery products entirely within a building is also included under "General Retail."

Primary Structure. A structure that accommodates the primary use of the site.

Primary Use. The main purpose for which a site is developed and occupied, including the activities that are conducted on the site a majority of the hours during which activities occur. See also "Accessory Use."

Primary Zoning District. The zoning district applied to a site by the Zoning Map, to which an overlay zoning district may also be applied.

Private Residential Recreation Facility. A privately-owned, non-commercial outdoor recreation facility provided for residential project or neighborhood residents, including swimming pools, swim and tennis clubs, park and sport court facilities. Does not include golf courses and country clubs, which are separately defined.

Printing and Publishing. An establishment engaged in printing by letterpress, lithography, gravure, screen, offset, or electrostatic (xerographic) copying; and other establishments serving the printing trade such as bookbinding, typesetting, engraving, photoengraving and electrotyping. This use also includes establishments that publish newspapers, books and periodicals; establishments manufacturing business forms and binding devices. "Quick printing" services are included in the definition of "Business Support Services."

Produce Stand. A temporary business location that sells raw, unprocessed fruits, vegetables, nuts, and other produce in its raw or natural state, and that is accessory to an on-site or adjacent agricultural operation.

Property Line. The recorded boundary of a parcel of land.

Proposed Project. A proposed new structure, new addition to an existing structure, or area of other new site development; these do not include the alteration of any portion of an existing structure other than an addition.

Public Safety Facility. A facility including ambulance dispatch facilities, fire stations, other fire prevention and fire fighting facilities, police and sheriff substations and headquarters, including interim incarceration facilities.

Public Transit Stop. A location containing a train station or bus stop.

Qualifying Resident. A senior citizen or other person eligible to reside in senior citizen housing.

Quasi-Public. A use owned or operated by a non-profit, religious or eleemosynary institution and providing education, cultural, recreational, physical fitness, religious or similar types of public programs.

Recommend. In the context of City review of a planning permit application, "recommend" means that the review authority makes a recommendation to a higher decision-making body.

Recreational Vehicle (RV). A motor home, travel trailer, truck camper, or camping trailer, with or without motive power, originally designed for human habitation for recreational, emergency, or other occupancy, which:

Recreational Vehicle Park. A site where one or more lots are used, or are intended to be used, by campers with recreational vehicles or tents. Recreational vehicle parks may include public restrooms, water, sewer, and electric hookups to each lot and are intended as a higher density, more intensively developed use than campgrounds. May include accessory retail uses where they are clearly incidental and intended to serve RV park patrons only.

Recycling Facility. This land use type includes a variety of facilities involved with the collection, sorting and processing of recyclable materials.

Religious Facility. A permanent facility operated by a religious organization exclusively for worship, or the promotion of religious activities, including accessory uses on the same site. Examples of these types of facilities include churches, mosques, synagogues, and temples. Examples of allowable accessory uses on the same site include living quarters for ministers and staff, facilities for child day care and religious instruction operated at the same time as religious services (where authorized by the same type of land use permit required for the religious facility itself). May also include fund-raising sales, bazaars, dinners, parties, or other indoor and outdoor events on the same site. Other facilities maintained by religious organizations, including full-time day care centers, full-time educational institutions, hospitals and other potentially related operations (for example, a recreational camp) are defined in this Chapter according to their respective activities. Does not include the temporary use of an approved public assembly facility (for example, a private meeting hall, community center, theater, or auditorium) by a congregation for religious meetings, which is instead defined under the type of meeting facility hosting the congregation.

Religious Institution Affiliated Housing. A housing development project that meets all of the following criteria:

Religious-Use Parking Spaces. Parking spaces that are required under the City's parking requirements for existing places of worship, or parking spaces that would be required in a proposed development for a new place of worship.

Repair Service—Equipment, Large Appliances, Etc. A service and facility where various types of electrical, electronic, and mechanical equipment, and home and business appliances are repaired and/or maintained away from the site of the equipment owner. Does not include vehicle repair or maintenance, which is included under "Vehicle Services," the repair of small home appliances and electronic equipment, which is included under "Personal Services," or maintenance and repair activities that occur on the client's site, which are included under "Maintenance Service—Client Site Services."

Research and Development (R&D). A facility for scientific research, and the design, development and testing of electrical, electronic, magnetic, optical and computer and telecommunications components in advance of product manufacturing, and the assembly of related products from parts produced off-site, where the manufacturing activity is secondary to the research and development activities. Includes pharmaceutical, chemical and biotechnology research and development. Does not include soils and other materials testing laboratories (see "Laboratory"), or medical laboratories (see "Medical Service—Clinic, Lab, Doctor Office").

Reserved Parking. Reserved parking spaces are those spaces that are reserved for one specific use. For example, parking for a residential unit that is not made available during the day for retail or office uses.

Residential Accessory Use or Structure. Any use and/or structure that is customarily a part of, and clearly incidental and secondary to a residence, and does not change the character of the residential use. This definition includes the following detached accessory structures, and other similar structures normally associated with a residential use of property. See also "Agricultural Accessory Structure."

Residential Component of Mixed Use Project. See "Mixed-Use Project."

Residential Hotel. Any building containing six or more guestrooms or efficiency units, as defined by Section 17958.1 of the Health and Safety Code, intended or designed to be used, or which are used, rented, or hired out, to be occupied, or which are occupied, for sleeping purposes by guests, which is also the primary residence of those guests, but does not mean any building containing six or more guestrooms or efficiency units, which is primarily used by transient guests who do not occupy that building as their primary residence.

Residential Zoning District. Any of the residential zoning districts established by Section 20-20.020 (Zoning Map and Zoning Districts).

Restaurant, Café, Coffee Shop. A retail business selling ready-to-eat food and/or beverages for onor offpremises consumption. These include:

Review Authority. The individual or official City body (the Planning Director, Planning Commission, or City Council) identified by this Zoning Code as having the responsibility and authority to review, and approve or disapprove the permit applications described in Division 5 (Land Use and Development Permit Procedures).

Rooming or Boarding House. A dwelling or part of a dwelling where lodging is furnished for compensation to three or more persons living independently from each other. Meals may also be included.

Rooster. An adult male chicken.

Rowhouse. See "Multi-Family Dwelling."

School. A public or private academic educational institution, including:

Also includes schools providing specialized education/training. Examples include the following:

Second Hand Store. A retail store that buys and sell used products, including clothing, furniture and household goods, jewelry, appliances, musical instruments, business machines and office equipment, tools, motors, machines, instruments, firearms, or any similar secondhand articles or objects. Includes pawnshops. Does not include bookstores ("Retail Stores"); secondhand farm and construction equipment ("Construction Heavy Equipment Sales and Rental"); junk dealers, or scrap/dismantling yards ("Recycling Facilities—Scrap and Dismantling Yards"); the sale of antiques and collectibles ("Retail Stores"); or the sale of cars and other used vehicles ("Auto and Vehicle Sales/Rental").

Senior Housing. Age-restricted residential housing that is intended and operated for occupancy by persons 55 years of age or older. At least 80 percent of the occupied units shall be occupied by at least one person who is 55 years of age or older, consistent with Federal and State law requirements. See also Section 20-28.080 (Senior Housing combining district).

Senior Housing Regulatory Agreement. A regulatory agreement entered into between the owner(s) or homeowners' association and the Housing Authority of the City of Santa Rosa recorded against residential property for the purpose of setting forth age verification and monitoring requirements for senior housing. See also Section 20-28.080 (Senior Housing combining district).

Service Station. See "Gas Station," and "Vehicle Services."

Setback. The distance by which a structure, parking area or other development feature must be separated from a property line, other structure or development feature (e.g., back of sidewalk or curb), or street centerline. See also "Yard," and Section 20-30.110 (Setback Requirements and Exceptions).

Shared Parking. Shared parking spaces are those spaces that are available to the public, and not reserved for one specific use. Shared spaces work well in mixed-use areas, where parking spaces for retail uses, for example, are made available in the evening for residents. Sharing spaces ensures that each parking space will be utilized more efficiently.

Shopping Center. A primarily retail commercial site with three or more separate businesses sharing common pedestrian and parking areas.

Sight Distance. The distance along a roadway throughout which an object of specified height is continuously visible to the driver. The heights of the driver's eye and objects are specified inthe Caltrans Highway Design Manual, Section 201.

Sign. A structure, device, figure, display, message placard, or other contrivance, or any part thereof, situated outdoors or indoors, which is designed, constructed, intended, or used to advertise, or to provide information in the nature of advertising, to direct or attract attention to an object, person, institution, business, product, service, event, or location by any means, including words, letters, figures, designs, symbols, fixtures, colors, illumination, or projected images. Does not include murals, paintings and other works of art that are not intended to advertise or identify any business or product. Types of signs include the following.

Sign Area. See Section 20-38.060 (General Requirements for All Signs).

Sign Height. See Section 20-38.060 (General Requirements for All Signs).

Significant Additions or Reconstruction. Demolition or reconstruction of more than 50 percent of existing buildings at a community shopping center; additions or new buildings that would increase the gross building area of existing shopping centers by more than 50 percent. Does not include interior tenant improvements within an existing shell.

Single-Family Dwelling. A building designed for and/or occupied exclusively by one family. Also includes factory-built, modular housing units, constructed in compliance with the Uniform Building Code (UBC), and mobile homes/manufactured housing units that comply with the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety

Standards Act of 1974, placed on permanent foundations. Attached (including condominiums, townhouses, etc.) and rowhouse single-family dwellings are included under the definition of "Multi-Family Dwelling."

Single Room Occupancy Facility. A residential building including multiple Single Room Occupancy units.

Single Room Occupancy Unit. A living space with a minimum floor area of 150 square feet and a maximum of 400 square feet restricted to occupancy by no more than two persons. Kitchen and bathroom facilities may be wholly or partially included in each living space or may be fully shared.

Site. A parcel or adjoining parcels under single ownership or single control, and/or considered a unit for the purposes of development or other use.

Site Coverage. The percentage of total site area occupied by structures, not including pavement. Includes the primary structure, all accessory structures (e.g., carports, garages, patio covers, storage sheds, trash dumpster enclosures, etc.) and architectural features (e.g., chimneys, balconies, decks above the first floor, porches, stairs, etc.). Structure/building coverage is measured from exterior wall to exterior wall.

Slope, Average. Average slope shall be determined by the formula:

In which S equals the average slope, I equals the contour interval in feet, L equals the combined length in feet of all contours on the parcel, and A equals the parcel area in acres.

Small Family Day Care Home. See "Day Care."

Small Lot Residential Project. See Section 20-42.140 (Residential Small Lot Subdivisions).

Social Service Organization. A public or quasi-public establishment providing social and/or rehabilitation services, serving persons with social or personal problems requiring special services, the handicapped, and the otherwise disadvantaged. Examples of this land use include: counseling centers, welfare offices, job counseling and training centers, or vocational rehabilitation agencies. Includes organizations soliciting funds to be used directly for these and related services, and establishments engaged in community improvement and neighborhood development. Does not include day-care services, emergency shelters and transitional housing, or "Residential Care," which are separately defined; or soup kitchens, which are included under "Personal Services—Restricted."

Sports and Entertainment Assembly. A large-scale indoor or outdoor facility accommodating spectator-oriented sports, concerts, and other entertainment activities. Examples of this land use include amphitheaters, race tracks, stadiums and coliseums. May also include commercial facilities customarily associated with the above uses, including bars and restaurants, gift shops, video game arcades, etc.

Sports and Active Recreation Facility. Public and private facilities for various outdoor sports and other types of recreation, where the facilities are oriented more toward participants than spectators. Examples include:

Stepback. A building stepback requirement specifies the number of feet a building should recede from the build-to line of the floor below it, and is provided for all floors above a specified story. Stepbacks help create a continuous street wall edge, reduce the appearance of a building's scale and streetscape presence, and help control wind at the ground level. A six-foot minimum stepback ensures a visual break in multistory structures, and provides the minimum width for a functional balcony.

Storage—Accessory. The indoor storage of materials accessory and incidental to a primary use is not considered a land use separate from the primary use.

Storage—Outdoor. The storage of various materials outside of a structure other than fencing, either as an accessory or primary use.

Storage—Personal Storage Facility. Structures containing generally small, individual, compartmentalized stalls or lockers rented as individual storage spaces and characterized by low parking demand.

Story. For the purposes of this Code, the definition for story shall be identical to that contained within the most current California Building Code.

Street. A public thoroughfare accepted by the City, which affords principal means of access to abutting property, including avenue, place, way, drive, lane, boulevard, highway, road, and any other thoroughfare except an alley as defined in this Subsection.

Street Furniture (Furnishings). Objects and pieces of equipment installed within the public right-of-way intended to enhance the public realm, improve pedestrian safety, and support a walkable environment such as banners, benches and seating, leaning bars, bicycle racks and corrals, bollards, community kiosks and newspaper racks, wayfinding and directional signage, planters, public art, waste receptacles, and transit shelters, among others.

Structure. Anything constructed or erected, the use of which requires attachment to the ground or attachment to something located on the ground. For the purposes of this Zoning Code, the term "structure" includes "buildings," but does not include swimming pools.

Studio—Art, Dance, Martial Arts, Music, Etc. A small scale facility, typically accommodating one group of students at a time, in no more than one instructional space. Larger facilities are included under the definition of "Schools." Examples of these facilities include: individual and group instruction and training in the arts; production rehearsal; photography, and the processing of photographs produced only by users of the studio facilities; martial arts training studios; gymnastics instruction, and aerobics and gymnastics studios with no other fitness facilities or equipment. Also includes production studios for individual musicians, painters, sculptors, photographers, and other artists.

Subdivision. The division, by any subdivider, of any unit or portion of land shown on the latest equalized Sonoma County assessment roll as a unit or contiguous units, for the purpose of sale, lease or financing, whether immediate or future. Property shall be considered as contiguous units, even if it is separated by roads, streets, utility easement or railroad rights-of-way. Subdivision includes the following, as defined in Civil Code Section 2015: a condominium project; a community apartment project; or the conversion of five or more existing dwelling units to a stock cooperative.

Subdivision Map Act, or Map Act. Division 2, Title 7 of the California Government Code, commencing with Section 66410 as presently constituted, and any amendments to those provisions.

Supportive Housing. Housing that is occupied by a target population, such as low income persons with mental disabilities, substance abuse or chronic health conditions or as defined in California Assembly Bill 2162. Services typically include assistance designed to meet the needs of the target population in retaining housing, living and working in the community, and/or improving health and may include case management, mental health treatment, and life skills. There is typically no limit on the length of stay, and the housing is linked to on-site or off-site services.

Tasting Room. Facility allowing beer/wine tasting with on-site and off-site retail sales directly to the public (or shipped). The tasting room facility must be directly affiliated with a minimum of one brewery/winery (meeting the requirements of the Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) appropriate license type such as: Type 2 Winegrower license or Type 23 Microbrewery license). The Tasting Room may be operated within a brewery/winery facility, accessory to separate on-site use or as a stand-alone retail use. Tasting Rooms must comply with standard retail land use hours of operation (7:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m.).

Telecommunications. The following terms are defined for use with Chapter 20-44 (Telecommunications Facilities).

Temporary Activities and Structures. The following terms and phrases are defined for the purposes of Section 20-52.040 (Temporary Use Permits).

Theater, Auditorium. An indoor facility for public assembly and group entertainment, other than sporting events. Examples of these facilities include:

Tobacco, Electronic Smoking Device, or Drug Paraphernalia. (1) Any device intended or designed primarily for use by individuals for the smoking or ingestion of tobacco, notwithstanding that the device may also be used for the smoking or ingestion of marijuana, hashish, hashish oil, cocaine or any other "controlled substance," as that term is defined in the Health and Safety Code; examples of such devices include, but are not limited to: "pipes," "bongs," "hookahs," "vaporizers," "roach clips," "electric pipes," "buzz bombs," "blunts" or similar devices; (2) any equipment, product, or material that is modified for making, using, or concealing illegal drugs such as cocaine, heroin, marijuana, and methamphetamine; (3) cartridges, cartomizers, e-liquid, smoke juice, tips, atomizers, electronic smoking device batteries, electronic smoking device chargers, and any other item specifically designed for the preparation, charging, or use of electronic smoking devices; (4) an electronic smoking device.

Tobacco or Smoke Shop. Any store, stand, booth, or concession that devotes 30% or more of its display floor area to tobacco products, or to the display and sale of tobacco, electronic smoking devices, or drug paraphernalia to purchasers for consumption or use. This classification of use does not include medical cannabis dispensaries which are defined separately and regulated by Chapter 10-40 (Medical Cannabis Dispensaries) in the Santa Rosa City Code.

Tobacco Product. (1) Any product containing tobacco leaf including, but not limited to, cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, hookah tobacco, snuff, chewing tobacco, dipping tobacco, bidis, or any other preparation of tobacco; and (2) any product or formulation of matter containing biologically active amounts of nicotine that is manufactured, sold, offered for sale, or otherwise distributed with the expectation that the product or matter will be introduced into the human body, but does not include any product specifically approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for use in treating nicotine or tobacco dependence.

Townhouse. See "Multi-Family Dwelling."

Transit Station or Terminal. A passenger station for vehicular, and rail mass transit systems; Includes buses, taxis, railway, etc.

Transitional Housing. Shelter provided for the homeless for an extended period from six months, and often as long as 24 months, but where the space is re-occupied by another program recipient after a set period. Generally the housing is integrated with other social services and counseling programs to assist in the transition to selfsufficiency through the acquisition of a stable income and permanent housing.

Truck or Freight Terminal. A transportation facility furnishing services incidental to air, motor freight, and rail transportation. Examples of these facilities include:

Unbundled Parking. Unbundled parking spaces are those spaces that are separated from the cost of housing, meaning that residents with no vehicles would realize a cost savings by not leasing a parking space. Correspondingly, residents may pay more to lease more than one parking space.

Use. See "Land Use."

Use, Primary. See "Primary Use."

Utility Facility. A permanent structure or facility serving as a junction point for transferring a utility services product from transmission lines to local distribution and service lines, whether for electricity, natural gas, or domestic water supply. These uses include any of the following facilities that are not exempted from land use permit requirements by Government Code Section 53091:

Utility Infrastructure. Pipelines for water, natural gas, and sewage collection and disposal; and facilities for the transmission of electrical energy for sale, including transmission lines for a public utility company. Also includes telephone, telegraph, cable television and other communications transmission facilities utilizing direct physical conduits. Does not include offices or service centers (see "Offices—Business/Service"), or distribution substations (see "Utility Facility").

Vehicle Services. The repair, servicing, alteration, restoration, towing, painting, cleaning, or finishing of automobiles, trucks, recreational vehicles, boats and other vehicles as a primary use, including the incidental wholesale and retail sale of vehicle parts as an accessory use. This use includes the following categories.

Vehicle Storage. A service facility for the long-term storage of operative cars, trucks, buses, recreational vehicles, and other motor vehicles, for clients. Does not include dismantling yards (classified in "Recycling Facility— Scrap and Dismantling Yards").

Very Low Vehicle Travel Area. An urbanized area, as designated by the United States Census Bureau, where existing residential development generates vehicle miles traveled per capita that is below 85 percent of either regional vehicle miles traveled per capita, or City vehicle miles traveled per capita. For purposes of this paragraph, "area" may include a travel analysis zone, hexagon, or grid. For purposes of determining "regional vehicle miles traveled per capita," a "region" is the entirety of incorporated and unincorporated areas governed by a multicounty or single-county metropolitan planning organization.

Vision Triangle and Driveway Vision Triangle. The vision triangle is a triangle of land bounded by the curb line or edge of roadway of two intersecting streets where development is limited to provide necessary visibility. A driveway vision triangle is a triangle of land bounded by a line along the driveway edge abutting the sidewalk, and a line along the back of sidewalk, where development is limited to provide necessary visibility. See Section 20-30.110.

Warehouse Retail. A retail store that emphasizes the packaging and sale of products in large quantities or volumes, some at discounted prices, where products are typically displayed in their original shipping containers. Sites and buildings are usually large and industrial in character. Patrons may be required to pay membership fees.

Warehouse, Wholesaling and Distribution. These facilities include:

Waterway. The following terms and phrases are defined for the purposes of Section 20-30.040 (Creekside Development).

Wildlife Preserve or Sanctuary. A site with wildlife habitat and other environmental resources intended to be preserved in their natural state.

Winery—Boutique. Winery producing 10,000 cases of wine or less per year where all aspects of production occur within the foot print of the structure. Use includes fruit processing, fermentation, pressing, barrel and bottle storage, bottling, wine tasting, and direct retail sale of wine. Participation in events involving multiple wineries is permitted to occur one time per 90-day period. All other events require separate approval (Temporary CUP or City Special Event Permit).

Winery—Production. Winery producing more than 10,000 cases of wine per year. Use includes fruit processing, fermentation, pressing, barrel and bottle storage, bottling, wine tasting, and direct retail sale of wine. Participation in events involving multiple wineries is permitted to occur one time per 90-day period. All other events require separate approval (Temporary CUP or City Special Event Permit). In addition, uses which produce 10,000 cases of beverage or less, but which do not meet one or more of the additional requirements to be considered a "Boutique" winery, are "Production" wineries.

Work/Live Unit. See "Live/Work and Work/Live Units."

Definitions, "X." No specialized terms beginning with the letter "X" are defined at this time.

Yard. An area between a lot line and a structure, unobstructed and unoccupied from the ground upward, except for projections permitted by this Zoning Code. See also "Setback," and Section 20-30.110 (Setback Requirements and Exceptions).

Zero Emission Vehicle. A vehicle that does not emit exhaust gas or other pollutants from the onboard source of power under any and all possible operational modes and conditions.

Zero Lot Line. The location of a building on a lot in such a manner that one or more exterior building walls directly abut an adjacent lot line.

Zoning Administrator. The City of Santa Rosa Zoning Administrator.

Zoning Code. The City of Santa Rosa Zoning Code, Title 20 of the Santa Rosa City Code, referred to herein as "this Zoning Code."

Zoning District. Any of the residential, commercial, public, or overlay districts established by Division 2 of this Zoning Code (Zoning Districts and Allowable Land Uses), within which certain land uses are allowed or prohibited, and certain site planning and development standards are established (e.g., setbacks, height limits, site coverage requirements, etc.).